ʻEkolu mau mea nui no ka papa 12.9 bolts (12.9 heleuma wili, 12.9 ma o ka bolt): ka heleuma wili kalapona, heleuma wili kila kila, a me ke keleawe.
(1) Ke kila kalapona (e like mekalapona ʻO nā ʻoki heleuma wedge).Hoʻokaʻawale mākou i ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa, ke kila kalapona liʻiliʻi, ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe a me ke kila kila ma muli o ka ʻike kalapona i loko o ka mea hao kalapona.
1. ʻO ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa me C% <0.25% ka mea maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo A3 kila ma Kina.Ma waho, ua kapa ʻia lākou he 1008, 1015, 1018, 1022, etc.
2. Medium carbon steel 0.25%
Alloy steel: Hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻohui i ke kila kalapona maʻamau e hoʻonui i kekahi mau waiwai kūikawā o ke kila: e like me 35, 40 chromium kālā, SCM435
3. 10B38.Hoʻohana nui nā ʻili Fangsheng i ka SCM435 chromium-platinum alloy steel, nona nā mea nui ʻo C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, a me Mo.
(2) Ke kila kila (e like me nā koʻokoʻo wiliwili kila).Papa hana: 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, nui austenite (18% Cr, 8% Ni), pale wela maikaʻi
ʻO ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi a me ka weldability maikaʻi.ʻO A1, A2, A4 martensite a me 13% Cr ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka corrosion, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi.C1,C
2. C4 ferritic kila kuhiliʻole.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka 18%Cr a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka corrosion ma mua o martensite.I kēia manawa, hana nui ʻia nā mea i lawe ʻia ma ka mākeke ma Iapana.
ʻono.Wahi a ka pae, ua māhele nui ʻia i SUS302, SUS304 a me SUS316.
3) Ke keleawe.ʻO nā mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia he keleawe… zinc-copper alloy.H62, H65, a me H68 keleawe i hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me nā ʻāpana maʻamau i ka mākeke.
12.9 ʻO ka mana o nā mea like ʻole i nā mea bolt ma nā waiwai o ke kila:
1. Carbon (C): Hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika o nā ʻāpana kila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna mau waiwai mālama wela, akā i ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻike kalapona, e emi ana ka plasticity a me ka paʻakikī.
A e hoʻopili ia i ka hana hoʻoheheʻe anu a me ka hana kuʻi ʻana o nā ʻāpana kila.
2. Manganese (Mn): Hoʻonui i ka ikaika o nā ʻāpana kila a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī i kekahi ʻano.ʻO ia hoʻi, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ikaika o ke komo ʻana i ka wā o ke ahi.
Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manganese e hōʻino i ka ductility a me ka weldability.A e hoʻopili ia i ka mana o ka uhi ʻana i ka wā electroplating.
3. Nickel (Ni): Hoʻonui i ka ikaika o nā ʻāpana kila, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka corrosion o ka lewa, a hōʻoia i ka mālama ʻana i ka wela.
ʻO ka hopena lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka hydrogen embrittlement.
4. Chromium (Cr): Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka lole, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, a kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikaika ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe.
5. (Mo): Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka huahana, hoʻemi i ka naʻau o ke kila i ka brittleness huhū, a pāʻani nui i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika tensile ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe.
Ka hopena nui.
6. Boron (B): Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī a kōkua i ka hana ʻana i ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa e hana i ka pane i manaʻo ʻia i ka mālama wela.
7. Alum (V): hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā huaʻai austenite a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī
8. Silicon (Si): E hōʻoia i ka ikaika o nā'āpana kila.Hiki i nā ʻike kūpono ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka plasticity a me ka paʻakikī o nā ʻāpana kila.
ʻO ke kila 35CrMo kahi mea maikaʻi loa no ka engine grade 129 connecting rod bolts a hiki ke hoʻokō i nā koi waiwai mechanical o ka papa 12.9 bolt material.
He kaʻina hana hiki ke hoʻohana i ka mālama ʻana i ka wela no ka 12.9 grade connecting rod bolt, thinning a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o ka ʻāpana koʻokoʻo, a me ka ʻōwili ʻana o ke kaula ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela, a hiki ke hana ʻia.
E hana i nā bolts kūlana kiʻekiʻe
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā māka hana o nā bolts i hoʻohana ʻia no nā pilina o ke kila ma mua o 10 mau māka e like me 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, a me 12.9.
Ma waena o lākou, ua hana ʻia nā bolts o ka papa 8.8 a i luna me ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ke kila kalapona maʻamau a ua mālama ʻia i ka wela (quenched and tempered), i kapa ʻia ʻo nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo nā bolts maʻamau.ʻO ka lepili papa hana bolt he ʻelua ʻāpana o nā helu, e hōʻike ana i ka waiwai ikaika tensile nominal o ka mea bolt a me ka
Lakiō hua-ikaika.No ka laʻana, ʻo ka bolt me ka pae hana 4.6 ʻo ia hoʻi:
1. ʻO ka ikaika tensile nominal o ka mea bolt hiki i 400MPa;
ʻO ka ratio ikaika o ka mea bolt he 0.6:
2. ʻO ka ikaika hāʻawi inoa inoa o ka mea bolt hiki i 400 × 0.6 = 240MPa pae hana 10.9 kiʻekiʻe-ikaika bolts.Ua wela ka mea
3. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana, hiki ke hoʻokō:
1. Loaʻa i ka mea bolt ka ikaika tensile nominal o 1000MPa.
2. ʻO ka lakio hua-a-ikaika o ka mea bolt he 0.9:
3. ʻO ka ikaika hāʻawi inoa o ka mea bolt hiki i 1000 × 0.9 = 900MPa pae
10.9 mau wili kila e koi ai i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke kila kila kila a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wela, e like me 35CRMO 40CR a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi hōʻike hōʻike bolt ka ikaika tensile o ka bolt.ʻAʻole'ʻaʻole pili i ka mea, he aha'ʻO ka mea nui he mau hōʻailona mechanical e like me ka ikaika tensile
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-16-2024